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Asked 11/27/2009

Is it legally possible to claim my retirement annuity as income rather than property in a divorce?

I am going through a divorce and am retired drawing an annuity from my employer. My wife is still working but is vested in the same retirement system. She is 8 years younger than I am. I am told that she will start receiving half my annuity when the divorce is final, but I won't receive half of hers until she retires, which may be years away. I know that some courts allow for offsetting pension values but judges in my community don't favor it. It seems logical to view my annuity as income rather than property and to view my wife's future pension as property. Is there any legal basis for tis argument? Are there other arguments?

 
 
 
 
Answers

Answer 1/2 - Submitted 11/27/2009

Since the judges in your community do not favor offsetting pension values, i strongly urge you to obtain the services of an attorney who specializes in divorce proceedings, and who appears before the court often.

 
 

Answer 2/2 - Submitted 12/3/2009

Retirement Accounts
Summary in Divorce
For many workers, retirement accounts now replace the defined benefit plan -- the so-called company pension, which for many years helped guarantee a secure retirement for millions of people.

The phrase retirement account is a general one referring to money set aside in anticipation of the so-called "golden years." It includes a variety of
individual, professional, tax-sheltered or tax-deferred accounts such as IRAs, SEPs (which are Simplified Employee Pension Plans), Keoghs, ESOPs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s and 457s.

The phrase retirement account may be used to include the 401(k), which is
a defined contribution plan -- an individual or separate account in the employee-spouse’s name, whereby the worker contributes pretax dollars to his or her account that are matched to a certain amount by the employer’s contribution. The phrase retirement account is not normally used to include the vanishing old-fashioned company pension, which is a defined benefit plan paid entirely by the company.

Retirement accounts are marital property; indeed, pensions and retirement accounts and houses are the two most valuable assets a couple divide in a divorce.

In a divorce, the value of retirement accounts is easy to calculate: it is simply the balance in the account. Unlike a defined benefit plan (the old fashioned company pension), the value of a defined contribution plan can fluctuate dramatically after a couple separate but before they divorce.
Classification disputes are very likely when a worker earned some of the benefits prior to his or her marriage.

Like other tax-deferred or tax sheltered retirement plans (the
IRA, SEPs (which are Simplified Employee Pension Plans), Keoghs, ESOPs, 401(k)s, 457s and 403(b)s), defined contribution plans carry penalties for early withdrawal.

One of the most popular is the individual retirement account (IRA). IRAs must be "rolled over" in a divorce to avoid a tax penalty. A nonemployee spouse who takes the money directly is subject to a 20 percent withholding by the I.R.S.; therefore, these accounts must be rolled over when they are distributed as part of a divorce.

An IRA is a tax-deferred asset, and its transfer is tax-free if it is transferred directly -- that is, rolled over -- to a nonemployee spouse’s IRA. Divorcing couples who transfer IRAs as part of the division of marital property should state that the transfer is being made "trustee to trustee" in their separation agreement. Thus, QDROs, which divide pension plans, are not needed to divide IRAs, even if the IRA is a rollover from a qualified retirement plan.

Dividing retirement benefits requires a court order, and pensions regulated by ERISA may be distributed via a QDRO. When the distribution of pension benefits is deferred, the parties may use a QDRO, a court ruling stating that a portion of one spouse’s pension is to be awarded to the other spouse as part of the equitable distribution of the marital assets. A QDRO directs a retirement plan administrator to distribute the benefits of a retirement plan according to the percentages agreed upon by the parties and approved by the court.


Unfortunately for you, the retirement monies in a divorce are considered property/marital asset. Even if you were able to have it claimed as income per se, you would then have to have your spousal support/child support, if any exists, altered to reflect the new "income". If this is the case it may do you more harm than good. You can investigate further with two of the links listed for you below. Good luck!

http://www.divorcesource.com/Divorce/D-11.shtml
http://www.tiaa-cref.org/support/help/maintenance/ divorce_faq.html

 
 
 
 
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